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The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP or MPTP; also referred to as PTP, mTP or MTP) is a protein that is formed in the inner membrane of the mitochondria under certain pathological conditions such as traumatic brain injury and stroke.
Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), also known as the mitochondrial outer membrane permeability, is one of two ways apoptosis (a type of programmed cell death) can be activated. [1] It is part of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, also known as the mitochondrial pathway. MOMP is known as the point of no return in apoptosis.
10105 105675 Ensembl ENSG00000108179 ENSMUSG00000021868 UniProt P30405 Q99KR7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005729 NM_134084 RefSeq (protein) NP_005720 NP_598845 Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 79.35 – 79.36 Mb Chr 14: 25.69 – 25.7 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, mitochondrial (PPIF) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPIF gene. It has ...
MOMP is the process before apoptosis, which is accompanied to permeability of the inner membrane of the mitochondria (IMM). Permeability transition pore (PTP) opening induces mitochondrial swelling and outer membrane of the mitochondria (OMM) rupture. Moreover, PTP opening induce releasing of caspase-activating factors and apoptosis.
The end of cristae are partially closed by transmembrane protein complexes that bind head to head and link opposing crista membranes in a bottleneck-like fashion. [2] For example, deletion of the junction protein IMMT leads to a reduced inner membrane potential and impaired growth [ 3 ] and to dramatically aberrant inner membrane structures ...
Structure of the human uncoupling protein UCP1. An uncoupling protein (UCP) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that is a regulated proton channel or transporter.An uncoupling protein is thus capable of dissipating the proton gradient generated by NADH-powered pumping of protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
VDAC1's function in calcium ion transport has also been linked to neurodegenerative diseases. In PD, VDAC1 increases calcium ion levels within the mitochondria, resulting in increased mitochondrial permeability, disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential, elevated ROS production, cell death, and neuronal degeneration. [12]
Examples of mitochondrial transport proteins include the following: The mitochondrial permeability transition pore, which opens in response to increased mitochondrial calcium (Ca 2+) load and oxidative stress [45] The mitochondrial calcium uniporter which transports calcium from the cytosol of the cell into the mitochondrial matrix [45] [46]