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Chromosome 22 is the second smallest human chromosome, spanning about 51 million DNA base pairs and representing between 1.5 and 2% of the total DNA in cells. In 1999, researchers working on the Human Genome Project announced they had determined the sequence of base pairs that make up this chromosome. Chromosome 22 was the first human ...
If the chromosome is a submetacentric chromosome (One arm big and the other arm small) then the centromere divides each chromosome into two regions: the smaller one, which is the p region, and the bigger one, the q region. The sister chromatids will be distributed to each daughter cell at the end of the cell division.
The shorter arm of a chromosome is termed the p arm or p-arm, while the longer arm is the q arm or q-arm. The chromosomal locus of a typical gene, for example, might be written 3p22.1, where: [citation needed] 3 = chromosome 3; p = p-arm; 22 = region 2, band 2 (read as "two, two", not "twenty-two") 1 = sub-band 1
Date: 22 April 2017: Source: Based on Ensembl's GRCh38.p10 ideogram.. Numerical raw data for human chromosome of assembly GRCh38.p3 (shown below) is available at NCBI's Genome Decoration Page.
The DGCR2 gene encodes the protein integral membrane protein DGCR2/IDD in humans. [5] [6] [7]Deletions of the 22q11.2 have been associated with a wide range of developmental defects (notably DiGeorge syndrome, velocardiofacial syndrome, conotruncal anomaly face syndrome and isolated conotruncal cardiac defects) classified under the acronym CATCH 22.
Of these 23 pairs of chromosomes, 22 are autosomes, and one is a sex chromosome. [1] There are two kinds of sex chromosomes–X and Y. In humans and in almost all other mammals, females carry two X chromosomes, designated XX, and males carry one X and one Y, designated XY. [1] A human egg contains only one set of chromosomes (23) and is a ...
These microduplications likely represent the predicted reciprocal rearrangements to the microdeletions characterized in the 22q11.2 region. [2] Smaller microduplications may occur within this highly dynamic with frequent rearrangements using alternative low-copy repeats as recombination substrates within and distal to the DiGeorge syndrome region.
Synapsis or Syzygy is the pairing of two chromosomes that occurs during meiosis. It allows matching-up of homologous pairs prior to their segregation, and possible chromosomal crossover between them. Synapsis takes place during prophase I of meiosis. When homologous chromosomes synapse, their ends are first attached to the nuclear envelope.