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Lead perchlorate trihydrate is produced by the reaction of lead(II) oxide, lead carbonate, or lead nitrate by perchloric acid: . Pb(NO 3) 2 + HClO 4 → Pb(ClO 4) 2 + HNO 3. The excess perchloric acid was removed by first heating the solution to 125 °C, then heating it under moist air at 160 °C to remove the perchloric acid by converting the acid to the dihydrate.
A basic chloride of lead, PbCl 2 ·Pb(OH) 2, is known as Pattinson's white lead and is used as pigment in white paint. [17] Lead paint is now banned as a health hazard in many countries by the White Lead (Painting) Convention, 1921. PbCl 2 is an intermediate in refining bismuth (Bi) ore.
A completely nonpolar bond occurs when the electronegativities are identical and therefore possess a difference of zero. A completely polar bond is more correctly called an ionic bond, and occurs when the difference between electronegativities is large enough that one atom actually takes an electron from the other. The terms "polar" and ...
It is then converted to the ammonium salt (NH 4) 2 PbCl 6 by adding ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl). Finally, the solution is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4, to separate out lead tetrachloride. This series of reactions is conducted at 0 °C. The following equations illustrate the reaction: PbCl 2 + 2HCl + Cl 2 → H 2 PbCl 6
It dissolves in nitric acid with the evolution of nitric oxide gas to form dissolved Pb(NO 3) 2. 3 Pb + 8 H + + 8 NO − 3 → 3 Pb 2+ + 6 NO − 3 + 2 NO + 4 H 2 O. When heated with nitrates of alkali metals, metallic lead oxidizes to form PbO (also known as litharge), leaving the corresponding alkali nitrite. PbO is representative of lead's ...
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
A perchlorate is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion, ClO − 4, the conjugate base of perchloric acid (ionic perchlorate). As counterions, there can be metal cations, quaternary ammonium cations or other ions, for example, nitronium cation (NO + 2). The term perchlorate can also describe perchlorate esters or covalent ...
Lead sesquioxide, Pb 2 O 3, which is a lead (II,IV) oxide as well (lead(II) metaplumbate(IV) [Pb 2+][PbO 2− 3]), reddish yellow Pb 12 O 19 , monoclinic, dark-brown or black crystals The so-called black lead oxide , which is a mixture of PbO and fine-powdered Pb metal and used in the production of lead–acid batteries .