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An ancient Egyptian treatise concerning trauma surgery, the Edwin Smith papyrus, contains descriptions and suggests treatments for various injuries, including some of neurological nature. Specifically, there are descriptions of the meninges , the external surface of the brain, the cerebrospinal fluid and the intracranial pulsations . [ 7 ]
Neurosurgery or neurological surgery, known in common parlance as brain surgery, is the medical specialty that focuses on the surgical treatment or rehabilitation of disorders which affect any portion of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, and cerebrovascular system. [1]
Harvey Williams Cushing (April 8, 1869 – October 7, 1939) was an American neurosurgeon, pathologist, writer, and draftsman.A pioneer of brain surgery, he was the first exclusive neurosurgeon and the first person to describe Cushing's disease.
Sachs was a founding member of The Society of Neurological Surgeons, and he served as its Secretary-Treasurer from 1920 to 1924, and as its president from 1925 to 1927. [2] He served as the president of the American Neurological Association in 1943. [5] [4] [6] He also served on the board of directors of the American Board of Neurological ...
Arthur Earl Walker was born in 1907 in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and graduated from the University of Alberta in 1930. He undertook training at Yale University and in Amsterdam and Brussels, [3] and continued his training as instructor of neurological surgery at the University of Chicago from 1937, becoming one of a new breed of neurosurgeons who advanced the scientific study of neurology and ...
Psychosurgery, also called neurosurgery for mental disorder or functional neurosurgery, is surgery in which brain tissue is destroyed with the aim of alleviating the symptoms of mental disorder. It was first used in modern times by Gottlieb Burckhardt in 1891, but only in a few isolated instances, not becoming more widely used until the 1930s ...
Frank Henderson Mayfield (June 23, 1908 – January 2, 1991), was an American neurosurgeon and founder of the Mayfield Clinic and Spine Institute in Cincinnati, Ohio.A pioneer in brain and spine surgery, he invented the spring aneurysm clip and the Mayfield skull clamp.
1895. The first successful cardiac surgery was performed by Norwegian surgeon Axel Cappelen. The patient later died of complications, though the autopsy found it was for other reasons, as the wound had been satisfactorily closed. 1896. The first successful cardiac surgery without any complications was performed by German surgeon Ludwig Rehn. 1900.