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Costochondritis, also known as chest wall pain syndrome or costosternal syndrome, is a benign inflammation of the upper costochondral (rib to cartilage) and sternocostal (cartilage to sternum) joints. 90% of patients are affected in multiple ribs on a single side, typically at the 2nd to 5th ribs. [1]
“Dull pain radiating to the jaw, neck, back, shoulder or arm; stabbing pain radiating to the back; constant, dull pain for several minutes.” None of these are a good sign, he says.
The predominant symptom is low back pain, which may radiate to the lower rib cage, flank, groin, buttock, and thigh. [2] Individuals may also experience intermittent aches along with a 'grating sensation' in the hip. [3] The pain may be aggravated by moving, twisting, bending, or by changing positions. [4]
Anatomy of the rib cage. The presentation of slipping rib syndrome varies for each individual and can present at one or both sides of the rib cage, with symptoms appearing primarily in the abdomen and back. [3] Pain is most commonly presented as episodic and varies from a minor nuisance to severely impacting quality of life.
The pain is agitated by expansion and contraction of the chest. Taking a deep breath and allowing the rib cage to fully expand can relieve the pain, however it will feel unpleasant initially. At the point of full expansion, it can feel like a rubber band snap in the chest, after which the initial pain subsides.
The rib cage’s function is to protect the organs in the chest, including the lungs and heart. In between the rib bones are the intercostal muscles, Vasudevan adds, which allow the chest to move.
Tietze syndrome typically presents unilaterally at a single joint of the anterior chest wall, with 70% of patients having tenderness and swelling on only one side, usually at the 2nd or 3rd rib. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Research has described the condition to be both sudden [ 4 ] and gradual, varying by the individual.
Twelfth rib syndrome, also known as rib tip syndrome, is a painful condition that occurs as a result of highly mobile floating ribs.It commonly presents as pain that may be felt in the lower back or lower abdominal region as a result of the 11th or 12th mobile rib irritating the surrounding tissues and nervous systems.