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The Seljuk Empire united the fractured political landscape in the non-Arab eastern parts of the Muslim world and played a key role in both the First and Second Crusades; it also bore witness to in the creation and expansion of multiple artistic movements during this period [19] By the 1140s, the Seljuk Empire began to decline in power and ...
The Empire's military superiority was such that Khiva and the other Central Asian principalities, Bukhara and Kokand, had no chance of repelling the Russian advance, despite years of fighting. [20] In 1873, after Russia conquered the great cities of Tashkent and Samarkand , General Von Kaufman launched an attack on Khiva consisting of 13,000 ...
The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids [1] [2] (/ ˈ s ɛ l dʒ ʊ k / SEL-juuk; Persian: سلجوقیان Saljuqian, [3] alternatively spelled as Seljuqs or Saljuqs), Seljuqs, also known as Seljuk Turks, [4] Seljuk Turkomans [5] or the Saljuqids, [6] was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persian culture [7] [8] in West Asia and Central Asia.
In 1050 Isfahan was established as capital of the Great Seljuk Empire under Alp Arslan. [1] In 1071, following the Seljuk victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of Manzikert, Anatolia was opened up to Turkic settlers. [2] [3] The center of Seljuk architectural patronage was Iran, where the first permanent Seljuk edifices were ...
The Zengid or Zangid dynasty, also referred to as the Atabegate of Mosul, Aleppo and Damascus (Arabic: أتابكة الموصل وحلب ودمشق), or the Zengid State (Old Anatolian: ظانغى دولتی, Modern Turkish: Zengî Devleti; Arabic: الدولة الزنكية, romanized: al-Dawla al-Zinkia) was initially an Atabegate of the Seljuk Empire created in 1127. [3]
Unlike the Seljuk Empire, the Seljuk sultans of Rum had Persian names such as Kay Khosrow, Kay Kawad/Qobad, and Kay Kāvus. The bureaucrats and religious elite of their realm were generally Persian. [60] In the 13th century, most Muslim inhabitants in major Anatolian urban hubs reportedly spoke Persian as their main language. [61]
These were the vassals of Great Seljuk Empire. In fact one of the most powerful of these vassal states had been founded by a member of Seljuk house and the name of this state was the Sultanate of Rum. The founder of the state was Süleyman I. Paternal grandfathers of the sultan Melik Shah of Great Seljuk Empire and Suleyman I were brothers. But ...
Süleyman, the founder of the dynasty, was a member of the Seljuk dynasty. His grand father was Seljuk Bey's elder son. In 1077, after capturing Nicaea (modern İznik), Süleyman founded the Sultanate of Rum as a vassal of the main Seljuk Empire. However, the Seljuks of Anatolia soon became independent of the main empire, and their state ...