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Indigo dye is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color. Indigo is a natural dye obtained from the leaves of some plants of the Indigofera genus, in particular Indigofera tinctoria. Dye-bearing Indigofera plants were once common throughout the world. It is now produced via chemical routes. Blue colorants are rare.
In Indonesia, the Sundanese use Indigofera tinctoria (known locally as tarum or nila) as dye for batik. Marco Polo was the first to report on the preparation of indigo in India. Indigo was quite often used in European easel painting [clarification needed] during the Middle Ages. [9] [10]
The main chemical constituent of the Tyrian dye was discovered by Paul Friedländer in 1909 to be 6,6′-dibromoindigo, derivative of indigo dye, which had been synthesized in 1903. [5] [6] Although the first chemical synthesis was reported in 1914, unlike indigo, it has never been synthesized at commercial level.
It was a primary supplier of indigo dye to Europe as early as the Greco-Roman era. The association of India with indigo is reflected in the Greek word for the dye, which was indikon (ινδικόν). The Romans used the term indicum, which passed into Italian dialect and eventually into English as the word indigo.
Indirubin is a chemical constituent of indigo naturalis (also known as qing dai 青黛), which has been used since 627 AD in traditional Chinese medicine. It is essentially the indigo dye as traditionally extracted from plants by fermentation and lime treatment. [ 1 ]
Indigo: Indigo blue Vat blue 1 73000 indigoid 482-89-3: Indigo carmine (synthetic) Indigo Acid blue 74 73015 indigoid 860-22-0: Indigo carmine (natural) Natural blue 2 Food blue 1 75781 natural 860-22-0: Indocyanine green: Cardiogreen cyanine 3599-32-4: Induline: Solvent blue 7 50400 azine 8004-98-6: Iodine green 42556 triarylmethane 33231-00-4 ...
Indigo carmine, or 5,5′-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt, is an organic salt derived from indigo by aromatic sulfonation, which renders the compound soluble in water. Like indigo, it produces a blue color , and is used in food and other consumables , cosmetics, and as a medical contrast agent and staining agent; it also acts as a pH indicator .
Indigofera heterantha (syn. Indigofera gerardiana), commonly known as Himalayan indigo, is a species of flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is native to the northwestern Himalayas of Tibet, in Asia. It belongs to the same genus as plants used to produce indigo dye.