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Uncertainty principle of Heisenberg, 1927. The uncertainty principle , also known as Heisenberg's indeterminacy principle , is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics . It states that there is a limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties, such as position and momentum , can be simultaneously known.
Uncertainty: the Life and Science of Werner Heisenberg is a biography by David C. Cassidy documenting the life and science of Werner Heisenberg, one of the founders of quantum mechanics. The book was published in 1992 by W. H. Freeman and Company while an updated and popularized version was published in 2009 under the title Beyond Uncertainty ...
Heisenberg's microscope is a thought experiment proposed by Werner Heisenberg that has served as the nucleus of some commonly held ideas about quantum mechanics. In particular, it provides an argument for the uncertainty principle on the basis of the principles of classical optics .
Werner Karl Heisenberg (/ ˈ h aɪ z ən b ɜːr ɡ /; [2] German: [ˈvɛʁnɐ ˈhaɪzn̩bɛʁk] ⓘ; 5 December 1901 – 1 February 1976) [3] was a German theoretical physicist, one of the main pioneers of the theory of quantum mechanics and a principal scientist in the Nazi nuclear weapons program during World War II.
The uncertainty principle has been frequently confused with the observer effect, evidently even by its originator, Werner Heisenberg. [17] The uncertainty principle in its standard form describes how precisely it is possible to measure the position and momentum of a particle at the same time. If the precision in measuring one quantity is ...
Physics and Beyond (German: Der Teil und das Ganze: Gespräche im Umkreis der Atomphysik) is a book by Werner Heisenberg, [1] the German physicist who discovered the uncertainty principle. It tells, from his point of view, the history of exploring atomic science and quantum mechanics in the first half of the 20th century.
The values of incompatible pairs of properties of the system cannot be known at the same time. (Heisenberg's uncertainty principle) Matter, like light, exhibits a wave-particle duality. An experiment can demonstrate the particle-like properties of matter, or its wave-like properties; but not both at the same time.
The transition from the old quantum theory to full-fledged quantum physics began in 1925, when Werner Heisenberg presented a treatment of electron behavior based on discussing only "observable" quantities, meaning to Heisenberg the frequencies of light that atoms absorbed and emitted. [8]