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Shame is a discrete, basic emotion, described as a moral or social emotion that drives people to hide or deny their wrongdoings. [1] [2] Moral emotions are emotions that have an influence on a person's decision-making skills and monitors different social behaviors. [2]
Examples of negative moral emotions include shame, guilt, and embarrassment. [ 11 ] There is a debate whether there is a set of basic emotions or if there are "scripts or set of components that can be mixed and matched, allowing for a very large number of possible emotions". [ 2 ]
Measures of guilt and shame are used by mental health professionals to determine an individual's propensity towards the self-conscious feelings of guilt or shame.. Guilt and shame are both negative social and moral emotions as well as behavioral regulators, yet they differ in their perceived causes and motivations: external sources cause shame which affects ego and self-image, whereas guilt is ...
Embarrassment increases greatly in instances involving official duties or workplace facilities, large amounts of money or materials, or loss of human life. Examples of causes include a government's failed public policy, exposure of corrupt practices or unethical behavior, [2] a celebrity whose personal habits receive public scrutiny or face ...
Dazzling in the ups, terrifying and depressing in the downs. The burning devotion of the small-unit brotherhood, the adrenaline rush of danger, the nagging fear and loneliness, the pride of service. The thrill of raw power, the brutal ecstasy of life on the edge. “It was,” said Nick, “the worst, best experience of my life.”
Due to the nature of these emotions, they can only begin to form once an individual has the capacity to self-evaluate their own actions. If the individual decides that they have caused a situation to occur, they then must decide if the situation was a success or a failure based on the social norms they have accrued, then attach the appropriate self-conscious feeling (Weiner, 1986).
A classic example of this is the prevalence of honor killings. [11] While there are tribal and regional variations in Arab culture, honor/shame dynamics have been noted to be broadly ubiquitous, defining, contextualising, and generating the frequent conflicts that feature so prominently in the Middle East. [12]
A moral injury is an injury to an individual's moral conscience and values resulting from an act of perceived moral transgression on the part of themselves or others. [1] It produces profound feelings of guilt or shame, [1] moral disorientation, and societal alienation. [2]