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Pullman sleeping car, original to the William Crooks locomotive, on display in Duluth, Minnesota. The sleeping car or sleeper (often wagon-lit) is a railway passenger car that can accommodate all passengers in beds of one kind or another, for the purpose of sleeping. George Pullman was the American innovator of the sleeper car. [citation needed]
Theodore Tuttle Woodruff was born in Jefferson County, New York on April 8, 1811. [1]He married Eliza Lord Hemenway on July 25, 1833, and they had two children. [1]On December 2, 1856, Woodruff received two patents for a convertible car seat, which led to his invention of the sleeping car for railroads.
Pullman is the term for railroad dining cars, lounge cars, and especially sleeping cars that were built and operated by the Pullman Company (founded by George Pullman) from 1867 to December 31, 1968. Railway dining cars in the U.S. and Europe were operated by the Pullman Company; lounge cars were operated by the Compagnie Internationale des ...
Mitropa was a catering company best known for having managed sleeping and dining cars of different German railways for most of the 20th century. Founded in 1916, the name "Mitropa" is an abbreviation of Mitteleuropa (German for Central Europe). The railway carriages displayed a distinct burgundy-red livery with the Mitropa logo.
The term passenger car can also be associated with a sleeping car, a baggage car, a dining car, railway post office and prisoner transport cars. The first passenger cars were built in the early 1800s with the advent of the first railroads, and were small and little more than converted freight cars.
A railway pioneer is someone who has made a significant contribution to the historical development of the railway (US: railroad). This definition includes locomotive engineers, railway construction engineers, operators of railway companies, major railway investors and politicians, of national and international importance for the development of rail transport.
The German Sleeper and Dining Car Company (Deutsche Schlafwagen- und Speisewagengesellschaft, later the Deutsche Service-Gesellschaft der Bahn or DSG) was a subsidiary of Deutsche Bundesbahn with its headquarters in Frankfurt am Main, that emerged from the Mitropa infrastructure left in West Germany in 1949.
The cars were numbered as sleeping cars numbers 11 to 14, previously Allambi, Tantini, Weroni and Dorai. The New Deal in 1983 resulted in the four Victorian Railways sleeping cars renumbered to SJ 281 to 284, and the carriages were repainted again, this time with orange replacing the blue, with V/Line logos on plates fitted to the left ends.