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The federal government defines noxious weeds under the Federal Noxious Weed Act of 1974. Noxious weeds are also defined by the state governments in the United States. [26] Noxious weeds came to the U.S. by way of colonization. [27] Some wildflowers are lesser known noxious weeds. A few of them are banned in certain states. [28]
Oryza rufipogon is an invasive species and listed as a 'noxious weed' by the United States, [19] and listed as a noxious weed in Alabama, California, Florida, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oregon, South Carolina, and Vermont.
The genus Cuscuta is listed as a noxious weed in Arizona, Arkansas, Massachusetts, Michigan, Oregon, and South Dakota. The genus is also listed as a noxious weed in Alabama, California, Florida, Minnesota, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Vermont, but native species are exempt from the noxious designation in those states. [4]
The Federal Noxious Weed Act of 1974 ("FNWA", Pub. L. 93–629, 88 Stat. 2148, enacted January 3, 1975) established a federal program to control the spread of noxious weeds. The United States Secretary of Agriculture was given the authority to declare plants "noxious weeds", and limit the interstate spread of such plants without a permit.
Alhagi maurorum is a noxious weed outside its native range. [3] It is a contaminant of alfalfa seed, and grows readily when accidentally introduced to a cultivated field. It has a wide soil tolerance, thriving on saline, sandy, rocky, and dry soils. It does best when growing next to a source of water, such as an irrigation ditch.
It is an invasive exotic weed in the United States, with significant infestations in California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. It is listed as a Federal Noxious Weed by the United States Department of Agriculture. It is also a common weed in parts of Australia, New Zealand, and Mexico, and it thrives in any area with a Mediterranean climate.
It is native to Europe, but it is known on most continents as an introduced species and often a noxious weed. It is a hardy bunchgrass which grows in many types of urban, cultivated, and disturbed habitat. It is a weed of many types of agricultural crops, growing in vineyards and fields. Herbicide-resistant strains have been noted. [4]
This plant is a serious noxious weed of agricultural fields and a colonizing invasive plant in wild lands in parts of Australia and California, [8] where it was first introduced as an ornamental shrub for its prolific white flowers. It is still sometimes grown and sold for landscaping purposes despite its status as a pest plant, with new ...