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Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a mental disorder in children and adolescents characterized by a persistently irritable or angry mood and frequent temper outbursts that are disproportionate to the situation and significantly more severe than the typical reaction of same-aged peers.
Stage three consists of children seeking out coping strategies. [3] Lastly, in stage four, children execute one or more of the coping strategies. [3] However, children with lower tolerance for stressors are more susceptible to alarm and find a broader array of events to be stressful. [3] These children often experience chronic or toxic stress. [3]
Children of parents with symptoms of depression are less likely to learn strategies for regulating their emotions and are at risk of inheriting a mood disorder. [25] When parents have difficulty with regulating their emotions, they often cannot teach their children to regulate properly. [27]
Often, children who are slow to warm up respond to seemingly minor changes in their environment with big reactions. They may refuse new activities or shadow their parent at a school function.
According to the DSM-IV, children must exhibit either a depressed mood or a loss of interest/pleasure in normal activities. These activities may include school, extracurricular activities, or peer interactions. Depressive moods in children can be expressed as being unusually irritable.
Interventions to facilitate child and family coping often begin with providing basic information and education about their illness and treatment procedures, often using videotaped or in vivo models to demonstrate the use of positive coping strategies and teach mastery skills. Other coping interventions include cognitive-behavioral and strength ...