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The French eventually drove most of the Chinese troops out of Vietnam, but remaining groups in some Vietnamese provinces continued to resist France's control over Tonkin. The French government sent Fournier to Tianjin to negotiate the Tianjin Accord, according to which China recognized the French authority over Annam and Tonkin, abandoning its ...
Panic spread in French-controlled Hanoi and there was talk of an evacuation. Ultimately, however, General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny replaced Carpentier as commander in chief of French Indochina in late 1950 and restored French morale. When the Border Campaign ended, the Việt Minh controlled a large part of the Vietnam-China border.
The latter three territorial divisions made up Vietnam. In 1940, the French controlled 23 million Vietnamese, Laotians, Cambodians with 12,000 French soldiers, about 40,000 Vietnamese soldiers, and the Sûreté, a powerful police force. At that time, the U.S. had little interest in Vietnam or French Indochina as a whole.
The Demilitarized Zone between North and South Vietnam, March 1968, looking west toward Laos.. The First Indochina War (also called the French Indochina War) was fought in French Indochina where was usually and shortly called "Indochina" from 1946 to 1954 between the French Union (including the anti-communist State of Vietnam) aided by the US on the one side, and the communist-dominated Viet ...
On 20 May 1955, French Union forces withdrew from Saigon to a coastal base and on 28 April 1956, the last French forces left Vietnam. And on 9 December 1955, South Vietnam withdrew from the French Union. [177] The Vietnam War would end with the North Vietnamese victory in April 1975, leading to Vietnamese reunification under communist state in ...
Until 1949, the French divided Vietnam into three parts: Tonkin, Annam, and Cochin China. Việt Minh leader Ho Chi Minh in 1946. 1947–1950 in French Indochina focuses on events influencing the eventual decision for military intervention by the United States in the First Indochina War. In 1947, France still ruled Indochina as a colonial power ...
The term "South Vietnam" became common usage in 1954, ... The French Indochina War began on 19 December 1946, with the French regaining control of Hanoi and many ...
The Treaty of Saigon was signed on 15 March 1874 by the Third French Republic and the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam. Vietnam made economic and territorial concessions to France, while France waived a previous war indemnity and promised military protection against China. The treaty effectively made Vietnam a protectorate of France.