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2. Atrial septal defect - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_septal_defect

   Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart.Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).

3. Cardiac shunt - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_shunt

   The most common congenital heart defects (CHDs) which cause shunting are atrial septal defects (ASD), patent foramen ovale (PFO), ventricular septal defects (VSD), and patent ductus arteriosi (PDA). In isolation, these defects may be asymptomatic , or they may produce symptoms which can range from mild to severe, and which can either have an ...

4. Foramen ovale (heart) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foramen_ovale_(heart)

   PFO has long been studied because of its role in paradoxical embolism (an embolism that travels from the venous side to the arterial side). This may lead to a stroke or transient ischemic attack. Transesophageal echocardiography is considered the most accurate investigation to demonstrate a patent foramen ovale. A patent foramen ovale may also ...

5. Congenital heart defect - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect

   The foramen ovale stays open because of the flow of blood from the right atrium to the left atrium. As the lungs expand, blood flows easily through the lungs and the membranous portion of the foramen ovale (the septum primum) flops over the muscular portion (the septum secundum). If the closure is incomplete, the result is a patent foramen ...

6. Lutembacher's syndrome - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutembacher's_syndrome

   In percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty, using a catheter, a ballon such as the Inoue ballon is placed into blood vessels in the groin area and the balloon guided to the heart. If a hole is not already present, a small hole may need to be inserted the atria and inserted into the mitral valve through the left atrium; the balloon is then ...

7. Woman who had a heart attack at 24 reveals the firsts ... - AOL

   www.aol.com/news/woman-24-had-heart-attack...

   On Sept. 17 doctors will repair the PFO in her heart to lessen the chance that Hutt experiences future problems. In a minimally invasive procedure, doctors will snake a catheter through a blood ...