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  2. Pole and polar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pole_and_polar

    If two lines a and k pass through a single point Q, then the polar q of Q joins the poles A and K of the lines a and k, respectively. The concepts of a pole and its polar line were advanced in projective geometry. For instance, the polar line can be viewed as the set of projective harmonic conjugates of a given point, the pole, with respect to ...

  3. Dual polyhedron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_polyhedron

    In Euclidean space, the dual of a polyhedron is often defined in terms of polar reciprocation about a sphere. Here, each vertex (pole) is associated with a face plane (polar plane or just polar) so that the ray from the center to the vertex is perpendicular to the plane, and the product of the distances from the center to each is equal to the square of the radius.

  4. Reciprocation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocation

    Reciprocation may refer to: Reciprocating motion , a type of oscillatory motion, as in the action of a reciprocating saw Reciprocation (geometry) , an operation with circles that involves transforming each point in plane into its polar line and each line in the plane into its pole

  5. Inversive geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversive_geometry

    In the complex number approach, where reciprocation is the apparent operation, this procedure leads to the complex projective line, often called the Riemann sphere. It was subspaces and subgroups of this space and group of mappings that were applied to produce early models of hyperbolic geometry by Beltrami , Cayley , and Klein .

  6. Reciprocity (electromagnetism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocity_(electromagnetism)

    In classical electromagnetism, reciprocity refers to a variety of related theorems involving the interchange of time-harmonic electric current densities (sources) and the resulting electromagnetic fields in Maxwell's equations for time-invariant linear media under certain constraints.

  7. Polarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarity

    Electrical polarity, direction of electrical current; Polarity (mutual inductance), the relationship between components such as transformer windings Polarity (projective geometry), in mathematics, a duality of order two

  8. Triakis icosahedron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triakis_icosahedron

    The polar reciprocation of this solid through this sphere is a convex form of the triakis icosahedron, with all faces tangent to the same sphere, now an inscribed sphere, with coordinates and dimensions that can be calculated as follows. Let denote the golden ratio. The short edges of this form of the triakis icosahedron have length

  9. Reciprocity (electrical networks) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocity_(electrical...

    Reciprocity in electrical networks is a property of a circuit that relates voltages and currents at two points. The reciprocity theorem states that the current at one point in a circuit due to a voltage at a second point is the same as the current at the second point due to the same voltage at the first.