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Kurt Lewin (/ l ɛ ˈ v iː n / lə-VEEN; 9 September 1890 – 12 February 1947) was a German-American psychologist, known as one of the modern pioneers of social, organizational, and applied psychology in the United States. [1]
Lewin, a social psychologist, believed the "field" to be a Gestalt psychological environment existing in an individual's (or in the collective group) mind at a certain point in time that can be mathematically described in a topological constellation of constructs. The "field" is very dynamic, changing with time and experience.
Lewin's description of the process of change involves three steps: [18] Figure 1 summarizes the steps and processes involved in planned change through action research. Action research is depicted as a cyclical process of change. The cycle begins with a series of planning actions initiated by the client and the change agent working together.
In 1939 Kurt Lewin was invited by Alfred Marrow, the managing director of the factory, to discuss significant problems of labor with the staff of the Harwood Manufacturing Corporation. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The Harwood study is considered the first experiment of group decision making and self-management in industry and the first example of applied ...
His early model of individual change, which has served as the basis of many models of group development, described change as a three-stage process: unfreezing, change, and freezing. Unfreezing: This phase involves overcoming inertia and dismantling the existing "mind set".
Kurt Lewin played a key role in the evolution of organization development as it is known today. As early as World War II (1939-1945), Lewin experimented with a collaborative change-process (involving himself as a consultant and a client group) based on a three-step process of planning, taking action, and measuring results. This was the ...
1. Seafood. Both fish and shellfish are extremely perishable and thus prone toward spoiling quickly when exposed to any temperature changes. Once you’ve actually thawed your seafood, you’d be ...
The National Training Laboratories Institute for Applied Behavioral Science, known as the NTL Institute, is an American non-profit behavioral psychology center founded by Kurt Lewin in 1947. NTL became a major influence [ 1 ] in modern corporate training programs, and in particular, developed the T-groups methodology that remains in place today.