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French Tense Notes I went to the library Je suis allé(e) à la bibliothèque Passé composé "suis" is the present conjugation of "être" I had already gone to the library when you arrived to my place J'étais déjà allé(e) à la bibliothèque quand tu es arrivé chez moi Plus-que-parfait
Pluperfect (plus-que-parfait): literally "more than perfect", formed with an auxiliary verb in the imperfect Simple past ( passé simple ) Conventionally used only in written language (especially in literature) or in extremely formal speech.
Further, where older or more literary French would have used the perfect form of the simple past tense (le passé antérieur) for the past-of-the-past, modern non-literary French uses the pluperfect (le plus-que-parfait; the perfect of the imperfect), or sometimes a new form called the surcomposé (literally, "over-compound"), which re-applies ...
French has no present perfect aspect. However, it has a grammatical form that is constructed in the same way as is the present perfect in English, Spanish, and Portuguese by using a conjugated form of (usually) avoir 'to have' plus a past participle.
Ils sont plus nombreux que tu ne le crois. — "There are more of them than you think." Expletive ne is found in finite subordinate clauses (never before an infinitive). It is characteristic of literary rather than colloquial style. [4] In other registers French tends to not use any negation at all in such clauses, e.g., J'ai peur que cela se ...
French, for example, has a compound past (passé composé) for expressing completed events, and imperfect for continuous or repetitive events. Some languages that grammaticalise for past tense do so by inflecting the verb, while others do so periphrastically using auxiliary verbs , also known as "verbal operators" (and some do both, as in the ...
The indicative mood makes use of eight tense-aspect forms. These include the present (présent), the simple past (passé composé and passé simple), the past imperfective , the pluperfect (plus-que-parfait), the simple future (futur simple), the future perfect (futur antérieur), and the past perfect (passé antérieur). Some forms are less ...
The auxiliary may be a verb meaning have (as in the English I have won) or a verb meaning be (as in the French je suis arrivé(e), "I (have) arrived", literally "I am arrived"). The have -perfect developed from a construction where the verb meaning have denoted possession , and the past participle was an adjective modifying the object , as in I ...