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Atatürk's reforms (Turkish: Atatürk İnkılapları or Atatürk Devrimleri) were a series of political, legal, religious, cultural, social, and economic policy changes, designed to convert the new Republic of Turkey into a secular nation-state, implemented under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in accordance with the Kemalist framework.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, [b] also known as Mustafa Kemal Pasha [c] until 1921, and Ghazi Mustafa Kemal [d] from 1921 until the Surname Law of 1934 [2] (c. 1881 [e] – 10 November 1938), was a Turkish field marshal, revolutionary statesman, author, and a founding father of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first president from 1923 until ...
Young Turkish Women Pose on Ataturk Memorial . The Republican People's Party (CHP) was established by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk on September 9, 1923, not long before the declaration of the Republic of Turkey on October 29. The Republican People's Party did not attempt to update or define the philosophical roots of its Kemalism between the 1940s ...
The Turkish Republic, founded from the ruins of the Ottoman Empire by the national independence hero Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, turns 100 on Oct. 29. Ataturk established a Western-facing secular ...
Kemal lands in Samsun. 8 July Mustafa Kemal resigns from the post of Inspector of Third Army and from the army. 23 July Kemal elected Chairman of Erzurum Congress. 1920 23 April Kemal opens the Grand National Assembly (BMM) in Angora (now Ankara). 11 May Kemal is condemned to death by the government in Constantinople. 1921 5 August
On August 11, 1930, Mustafa Kemal decided to try a multiparty movement once again and asked Ali Fethi Okyar to establish a new party. [1] [2] He insisted on the protection of secular reforms. The brand-new Liberal Republican Party succeeded all around the country. Without the establishment of a real political spectrum, once again, the party ...
The Turkish National Movement (Turkish: Millî Hareket), also known as the Anatolian Movement (Turkish: Anadolu Hareketi), the Nationalist Movement (Turkish: Milliyetçi Hareket), and the Kemalists (Turkish: Kemalîler, Kemalciler or Kemalistler), [5] [6] included political and military activities of the Turkish revolutionaries that resulted in the creation and shaping of the modern Republic ...
Turkey is one of the oldest members of NATO and also one of its most problematic