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Among them are beneficiaries of Proclamation No. 51 which is a general amnesty for people charged for collaborating with Imperial Japan during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines in World War II. [3] Jose P. Laurel – President of the Second Philippine Republic, the puppet state of the Empire of Japan during World War II.
The types of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines have varied throughout the country's history, from heads of ancient chiefdoms, kingdoms and sultanates in the pre-colonial period, to the leaders of Spanish, American, and Japanese colonial governments, until the directly elected president of the modern sovereign state of the Philippines.
The Philippines was ruled under the Mexico-based Viceroyalty of New Spain. After this, the colony was directly governed by Spain, following Mexico's independence. Spanish rule ended in 1898 with Spain's defeat in the Spanish–American War. The Philippines then became a territory of the United States.
United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines in the presence of then Philippine Senate President Manuel L. Quezon. The new constitution created under this act was approved on January 31, 1935, [54]: 43 and was adopted the next day. The first elections were held on September 17.
President of the Philippines. Manuel L. Quezon (1935–1944) Sergio Osmeña (1944–1946) Manuel Roxas (1946) President of the Philippines. Jose P. Laurel (1943–1945) President of the Philippines. Manuel Roxas (1946–1948) Elpidio Quirino (1948–1953) Ramon Magsaysay (1953–1957) Carlos P. Garcia (1957–1961) Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965 ...
The Philippine president has approved an amnesty program for Muslim and communist rebels who would agree to surrender their weapons as they return to normal life in the latest such attempt to tame ...
Article III provides for the cession of the Philippines to the U.S. by Spain and the payment of 20 million dollars to Spain by the US. [21] [verification needed] December 21 US President McKinley issues the Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation December 23 Pres. Aguinaldo signs the Malolos Constitution. [32] [34] [36] December 24
The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.