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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common hormonal condition in women during their reproductive years. Yet no one knows precisely what causes it, and it has no cure. Yet no one knows ...
Polycystic ovary syndrome, or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. [14] The syndrome is named after cysts which form on the ovaries of some women with this condition, though this is not a universal symptom and not the underlying cause of the disorder.
NICE guidelines state that: "A woman of reproductive age who has not conceived after 1 year of unprotected vaginal sexual intercourse, in the absence of any known cause of infertility, should be offered further clinical assessment and investigation along with her partner."
Not all women with PCOS have difficulty becoming pregnant. For those who do, anovulation is a common cause. The mechanism of this anovulation is uncertain, but there is evidence of arrested antral follicle development, which, in turn, may be caused by abnormal interaction of insulin and luteinizing hormone (LH) on granulosa cells.
Some women have more follicles than usual (polycystic ovary syndrome), which inhibits the follicles to grow normally and this will cause cycle irregularities. Various types of ovarian diseases exist. Some of the ovarian diseases or disorders include: endometriosis , ovarian cysts , ovarian epithelial cancer , ovarian germ cell tumors , ovarian ...
Many small cysts occur in both ovaries in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). [1] Pelvic inflammatory disease may also result in cysts. [1] Rarely, cysts may be a form of ovarian cancer. [1] Diagnosis is undertaken by pelvic examination with a pelvic ultrasound or other testing used to gather further details. [1] Often, cysts are simply observed ...
[11] [12] Weight loss also generally results in improved menstrual regularity and pregnancy rates in women with PCOS. [13] It is well recognized that insulin resistance can be part of the sequelae of PCOS and if present, contribute to anovulation. Metformin, a biguanide, is a common insulin sensitizer often given to treat women with PCOS. [10]
Approximately 5 to 10% of women with confirmed POI conceive a pregnancy after the diagnosis without medical intervention. [ 4 ] In observational studies, hormone replacement therapy in women with primary ovarian insufficiency and other causes of early menopause was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease , increased bone density ...