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5-HTP is produced from the amino acid tryptophan through the action of the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase. Tryptophan hydroxylase is one of the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylases. Production of 5-HTP is the rate-limiting step in 5-HT (serotonin) synthesis. 5-HTP is normally rapidly converted to 5-HT by amino acid decarboxylase. [1]
[1] [2] It is the α-methylated derivative of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), while αMS is the α-methylated analogue of serotonin. [1] [2] Along with α-methyltryptophan (α-MTP), α-Me-5-HTP has been suggested for potential therapeutic use in the treatment of conditions thought by some authors to be related to serotonin deficiency, such as ...
5-HT receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors, or serotonin receptors, are a group of G protein-coupled receptor and ligand-gated ion channels found in the central and peripheral nervous systems. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] They mediate both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission .
Binding of the neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine to the 5-HT 3 receptor opens the channel, which, in turn, leads to an excitatory response in neurons. The rapidly activating, desensitizing, inward current is predominantly carried by sodium and potassium ions. [2] 5-HT 3 receptors have a negligible permeability to anions. [1]
5-MeT is known to act as a potent serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor full agonist, with an EC 50 Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration of 6.00 nM and an E max Tooltip maximal efficacy of 100%. [1] In addition, it is known to be a ligand of the serotonin 5-HT 1A [3] and 5-HT 2B receptors [2] and an agonist of the serotonin 5-HT 1D [4] [5] and 5 ...
5-HTP to serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) – a neurotransmitter; However, some of these reactions do not seem to bear much or any biological significance. For example, histamine is biosynthesised strictly via the enzyme histidine decarboxylase in humans and other organisms. [10] [11]