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The Code applies to all ships, irrespective of size involved in the carriage of grain in bulk. [1] Definitions of grain include wheat, maize, oats, rye, barley, pulses, rice and seeds.
Initially prompted by the sinking of the Titanic, the current version of SOLAS is the 1974 version, known as SOLAS 1974, which came into force on 25 May 1980, [1] and has been amended several times. As of April 2022, SOLAS 1974 has 167 contracting states, [1] which flag about 99% of merchant ships around the world in terms of gross tonnage. [1]
The Code for Intact Stability was first issued in 1993 under IMO resolution A.749(18)). [1]In 2008, the Code was updated by the IMO. [1]In December 2019, amendments to the Code were adopted that entered into force on 1 January 2020. [5]
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) states that "The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) is a comprehensive set of measures to enhance the security of ships and port facilities, developed in response to the perceived threats to ships and port facilities in the wake of the 9/11 attacks in the United States".
New ship and fire integrity arrangements, adopted in November 2016 and entered into force on 1 January 2020. These relate to window fire-rating requirements on gas carriers. [9] A revised model form of certification (known as the Certificate of Fitness), adopted in May 2018 and entered into force on 1 January 2020. [8]
In the SOLAS Convention and other maritime related standards, the safety of human life is paramount. Ships and other watercraft carry life saving appliances including lifeboats, lifebuoys, life-jackets, life raft and many others. Passengers and crew are informed of their availability in case of emergency.
1914 and 1929 SOLAS Conventions after the RMS Titanic sinking; 1948 and 1960 SOLAS Conventions after the Morro Castle sinking in 1934; International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea of 1 November 1974, that introduced Chapter II-2 (on construction - fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction) 1981 revision - a rewrite of ...
As of January 2020, there are two certified providers of GMDSS satellite services: Inmarsat, with several of their commsats in equatorial geosynchronous orbit, and Iridium Communications, with their 66-satellite constellation in low Earth orbit (LEO) that can cover higher latitudes and operate with lower communications latency. The ...