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TNT equivalent is a convention for expressing energy, typically used to describe the energy released in an explosion.The ton of TNT is a unit of energy defined by convention to be 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie), [1] which is the approximate energy released in the detonation of a metric ton (1,000 kilograms) of TNT.
The symmetric stretching mode does not create an electric dipole so is not observed in IR spectroscopy, but it is detected in Raman spectroscopy at 1388 cm −1 (wavelength 7.20 μm), with a Fermi resonance doublet at 1285 cm −1. [20] In the gas phase, carbon dioxide molecules undergo significant vibrational motions and do not keep a fixed ...
A flock of starlings reacting to a predator. Swarm intelligence (SI) is the collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems, natural or artificial. The concept is employed in work on artificial intelligence.
Alcohol measurements are units of measurement for determining amounts of beverage alcohol.Alcohol concentration in beverages is commonly expressed as alcohol by volume (ABV), ranging from less than 0.1% in fruit juices to up to 98% in rare cases of spirits.