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The following is a non-exhaustive list of standardized tests that assess a person's language proficiency of a foreign/secondary language. Various types of such exams exist per many languages—some are organized at an international level even through national authoritative organizations, while others simply for specific limited business or study orientation.
In 2010, Hanban asserted that the HSK's six levels corresponded to the six levels of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). [7] However, the German, [ 8 ] : 1, 3, 5 French and Italian [ 9 ] associations of Chinese language teachers argued that HSK Level 6 is only equivalent to CEFR Level B1/B2/C1 (about TOCFL Level 4 ...
In 2010, Hanban asserted that the HSK's six levels corresponded to the six levels of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). [15] [29] However, the German [30]: 1, 3, 5 and French [31] associations of Chinese language teachers reject this equivalency, arguing that HSK Level 6 is only equivalent to CEFR Level B2 or C1.
For GCSE Science the old single-award ‘science’ and ‘additional science’ options are no longer available, being replaced with a double award ‘combined science’ option (graded on the scale 9–9 to 1–1 and equivalent to 2 GCSEs). Alternatively pupils can take separate qualifications in chemistry, biology and physics.
Software to train the student to identify typos characters in a text and correct them on the computer, or to identify a dialect word and convert it into standard Mandarin. [ 18 ] Chinese character testing software on the Web with multiple-choice questions and fill-in-the-blank questions, and the function of automatic marking.
In different places and across different time periods in history, students were required to apply for their intended university or college prior to the exam, after the exam, or more recently, after they receive their scores, by filling a list of ranked preferences. The application list is classified into several tiers (including at least early ...
Mandarin: 国语/普通话 國語/普通話 國語/普通話 华语 华语 國語 potato: 土豆, 马铃薯, 地蛋, 洋芋 薯仔 薯仔 马铃薯 马铃薯 馬鈴薯, 洋芋 pineapple: 凤梨/菠萝 菠蘿, 鳳梨(only in 鳳梨酥) 菠蘿 黄梨 黄梨 鳳梨, 黃梨(in Hakka language), 菠蘿(in 菠蘿包) lorry/truck: 卡车(large truck ...
An intergovernmental symposium in 1991 titled "Transparency and Coherence in Language Learning in Europe: Objectives, Evaluation, Certification" held by the Swiss Federal Authorities in the Swiss municipality of Rüschlikon found the need for a common European framework for languages to improve the recognition of language qualifications and help teachers co-operate.