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Total melanin content in the epidermis ranges from around 0 μg/mg in albino epidermal tissue [8] to >10 μg/mg in darker tissue. [9] In the human skin, melanogenesis is initiated by exposure to UV radiation, causing the skin to darken. Eumelanin is an effective absorbent of light; the pigment is able to dissipate over 99.9% of absorbed UV ...
Melanocytes produce two types of melanin. The most common form of biological melanin is eumelanin, a brown-black polymer of dihydroxyindole carboxylic acids, and their reduced forms. Most are derived from the amino acid tyrosine. Eumelanin is found in hair, areola, and skin, and the hair colors gray, black, blond, and brown. In humans, it is ...
Eumelanin is the dominant form of melanin found in human skin. Eumelanin protects tissues and DNA from radiation damage by UV light. Melanin is produced in specialized cells called melanocytes, which are found in the lowest level of the epidermis. [85] Melanin is produced inside small membrane-bound packages called melanosomes.
There are a wide range of depigmenting treatments used for hyperpigmentation conditions, and responses to most are variable. [11]Most often treatment of hyperpigmentation caused by melanin overproduction (such as melasma, acne scarring, liver spots) includes the use of topical depigmenting agents, which vary in their efficacy and safety, as well as in prescription rules.
Keratinocytes contribute to skin pigmentation by holding the melanin originating in melanocytes and inducing melanogenesis through chemical signals directed at melanocytes. [ notes 2 ] The transfer of melanosomes to keratinocytes is a necessary condition for the visible pigmentation of the skin. [ 55 ]
Another possible purpose: “It appears that opsins signal melanocytes to make more melanin in response to UV exposure,” saysDr. Shamban. ... This treatment method is known as phototherapy, and ...
Genetics, sun exposure, and some drugs are the three main factors that contribute to skin pigmentation. [4] The most frequent cause of low melanin concentration (hypopigmentation) is prior skin trauma, which includes skin lesions including blisters, burns, infections, exposure to chemicals, and other wounds. The skin will appear paler than the ...
After your treatment, soothe the area with aloe vera or a gentle moisturizer. Dr. Camp says to avoid sun exposure, harsh chemicals, or exfoliating ingredients like alpha-hydroxy acids and retinols ...