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Kurdish separatism in Iran [17] or the Kurdish–Iranian conflict [18] [19] is an ongoing, [9] [12] [17] [20] long-running, separatist dispute between the Kurdish opposition in Western Iran and the governments of Iran, [17] lasting since the emergence of Reza Shah Pahlavi in 1918.
In the 1980s, Iran legalized Kurdish-language publishing to quell domestic nationalist sentiment and, during the Iran-Iraq war, even provided monetary support to Iraqi Kurdish separatist groups in an effort to destabilize Iraq. [17] In the 2000s, the Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK) formed and has been engaged in a conflict with the Iranian ...
In the recent period of Kurdish history, a crucial point is defining the nature of the rebellions from the end of the 19th and up to the 20th century―from Sheikh Ubaydullah’s revolt to Simko’s (Simitko) mutiny. The overall labelling of these events as manifestations of the Kurdish national-liberation struggle against Turkish or Iranian ...
In 1919, Kurdish chieftain Simko Shikak started his first Ottoman-backed revolt against the Iranian government. His expeditions resulted in regional plunder and massacres of Assyrians, Armenians, Alevis and even Kurdish tribes. After three years of revolt he was defeated, but in 1924 Reza Khan pardoned him and he returned to Iran from exile. [3]
On 25 June, Iran reported killing 5 Kurdish separatists in West Iran, including "two leaders". [46] Following a series of continuous engagements and Iranian shellings on PDKI positions in the area, by 27 June both sides claimed dozens of fatalities, but without reliable figures according to Iranian IRNA agency. [ 47 ]
The two major religions among Kurds in Iran are Islam and Yarsanism, while fewer Kurds adhere to Baháʼí Faith and Judaism. [14] There is disagreement on which is the largest denomination among Kurds; experts such as Richard N. Frye and Martin van Bruinessen argue that Sunni Islam (the Shafi'i branch [3]) is the majority religion, [15] [16] while researcher Anu Leinonen believes it is the ...
The insurgency by the Kurdish Democratic Party of Iran surged in 1989, lasting until 1996, as part of the Kurdish separatism struggle. The eruption of the conflict in July 1989 was caused by the assassination of KDPI leader Abdul Rahman Qassemlou by suspected Iranian government agents. The most violent episodes took place in 1990 and 1991, when ...
The September 2006 Sardasht incident (an Iran–Iraq cross-border raid) was a military operation which took place on Iran–Iraqi Kurdistan border, in which at least 30 Kurdish militants of the Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK) were allegedly killed and 40 injured by Iranian security forces. [28]