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Intracranial hypertension (IH), also called increased ICP (IICP) or raised intracranial pressure (RICP), refers to elevated pressure in the cranium. 20–25 mmHg is the upper limit of normal at which treatment is necessary, though it is common to use 15 mmHg as the threshold for beginning treatment.
EBP is also used to treat spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). [5] [9] EBP has been used to treat pseudomeningoceles and leaks around intrathecal pumps. [14] For SIH, the same administration technique is used but at a different location with a different amount of blood injected. [15]
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) refers to lower than normal CSF volume due to a leak of CSF at the level of the spine. [18] Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is an important cause of longstanding headaches. Other symptoms can include nausea, blurred vision, coma, and dementia.
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IIH is treated mainly through the reduction of CSF pressure and IIH may resolve after initial treatment, may go into spontaneous remission (although it can still relapse at a later stage), or may continue chronically. [5] [8] There are three main treatment approaches: weight loss, different medications and surgical interventions. Remission is ...
CSF can leak from the dura as a result of different causes such as physical trauma or a lumbar puncture, or from no known cause when it is termed a spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak. [34] It is usually associated with intracranial hypotension: low CSF pressure. [33]
Dural ectasia is defined as a ballooning or outpouching of the dura with a dural volume greater than two standard deviations above the mean value in controls. [9] It is usually identified by MRI or CT Scan, [7] which can be used to distinguish it from tumors. [16]
CT scan depicting intracranial hemorrhage, a possible complication of hypertensive emergency. Patients with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage present with newfound headache and neurologic deficits. Specialty: Cardiology, Emergency medicine