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The term comes from the Japanese word boke (暈け/ボケ), which means "blur" or "haze", resulting in boke-aji (ボケ味), the "blur quality".This is derived as a noun form of the verb bokeru, which is written in several ways, [7] with additional meanings and nuances: 暈ける refers to being blurry, hazy or out-of-focus, whereas the 惚ける and 呆ける spellings refer to being mentally ...
Consequently, the foreground and background are often blurred, with the blur increasing with distance above or below the center of the image. In a photograph of a full-size scene, the DoF is considerably greater; in some cases, it is difficult to have much of the scene outside the DoF, even at the lens's maximum aperture. Thus a difference in ...
Retinal focus patterns are critical in blur perception as these patterns are composed of distal and proximal retinal defocus. Depending on the object's distance and motion from the observer, these patterns contain a balance and an imbalance of focus in both directions. [6] Human blur perceptions involve blur detection and blur discrimination.
Lower-end digital cameras, including many mobile phone cameras, commonly use gaussian blurring [citation needed] to obscure image noise caused by higher ISO light sensitivities. Gaussian blur is automatically applied as part of the image post-processing of the photo by the camera software, leading to an irreversible loss of detail.
As with other types of camera lenses, the focal length is usually expressed in a millimeter value written on the lens, for example: a 500 mm lens. The most common type of long-focus lens is the telephoto lens , which incorporate a special lens group known as a telephoto group to make the physical length of the lens shorter than the focal length.
A macro photograph showing the defocused effect of a shallow depth of field on a tilted page of text This photo was taken with an aperture of f /22, creating a mostly in-focus background. The same scene as above with an aperture of f /1.8. Notice how much blurrier the background appears in this photo.
Shaky camera, [1] shaky cam, [2] jerky camera, queasy cam, [3] run-and-gun [4] or free camera [4] is a cinematographic technique where stable-image techniques are purposely dispensed with shaking. It is a hand-held camera , or given the appearance of being hand-held, and in many cases shots are limited to what one photographer could have ...
Optical defocus can result from incorrect corrective lenses or insufficient accommodation, as, e.g., in presbyopia from the aging eye. As said above, light rays from a point source are then not focused to a single point on the retina but are distributed in a little disk of light, called the blur disk.