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A photo of the IPPC seal on a wine shipping crate. International Standards For Phytosanitary Measures No. 15 (ISPM 15) is an International Phytosanitary Measure developed by the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) that directly addresses the need to treat wood materials of a thickness greater than 6mm, used to ship products between countries.
Wood treated with this process is often used for cladding or siding, flooring, furniture and windows. For the control of pests that may be harbored in wood packaging material (i.e. crates and pallets), the ISPM 15 requires heat treatment of wood to 56 °C for 30 minutes to receive the HT stamp.
Heat treatment: The wood must be heated to achieve a minimum core temperature of 56 °C (133 °F) for at least 30 minutes. Pallets treated using this method bear the initials HT near the IPPC logo. Chemical fumigation: The wood must be fumigated with methyl bromide. Pallets treated using this method bear the initials MB near the
These IPPC markings on a wood pallet indicate KD: kiln-dried, HT: heat treated, and DB: debarked. Essentially all wood packaging material that is exported to an IPPC member state must have a stamp such as this. When green wood dries, free water from the cell lumina, held by the capillary forces only, is the first to go.
In 2021 dollars, that's about $1.67 to $6.95, which is a lot more than the cost of a first-class stamp today. Wikimedia Commons. ... Food & Wine. Serve me free biscuits, breadsticks, or chips and ...
The traditional fire-heated method is still in use today. While they require longer lengths of time to heat, are inconsistent in temperature and all around inferior to more advanced forms of branding, they are inexpensive to produce and purchase. Fire-heated branding irons are used to brand wood, steak, leather, livestock and plastics.
The Forever stamp cost 41 cents in 2007 when USPS introduced it. The price of first-class Forever stamps increased from 68 cents to 73 cents July 14, an increase of more than 7%.
Postcard stamps increased to 44 cents from 40 cents and the cost to ship international letters increased 10 cents to $1.40, according to the Postal Service website.