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The first supposed witness to Johannine theology among the Fathers of the Church is in Ignatius of Antioch, whose Letter to the Philippians some claim references John 3:8 [13] and alludes to John 10:7-9 [14] and John 14:6, [15] but none of these are direct quotations or contain information exclusive to John.
For much of the 20th century, scholars interpreted the Gospel of John within the paradigm of this hypothetical Johannine community, [5] meaning that the gospel sprang from a late-1st-century Christian community excommunicated from the Jewish synagogue (probably meaning the Jewish community) [6] on account of its belief in Jesus as the promised Jewish messiah. [7]
The gospel identifies its author as the disciple whom Jesus loved, commonly identified with John the Evangelist since the end of the first century. [4] Scholars have debated the authorship of Johannine literature (the Gospel of John, Epistles of John, and the Book of Revelation) since at least the third century, but especially since the ...
They explicitly deny the Logos doctrine in John chapter 1 and they deny Johannine authorship by comparing his Gospel with the synoptic Gospels. Their methodology can be seen in the surviving fragments of Hippolytus of Rome's refutation, Capita Adversus Caium, preserved in Bar-Salibi's Commentary on the Apocalypse. [7]
The Gospel of John, like all the gospels, is anonymous. [14] John 21:22 [15] references a disciple whom Jesus loved and John 21:24–25 [16] says: "This is the disciple who is testifying to these things and has written them, and we know that his testimony is true". [11]
The Syriac Doctrine of Addai (c. 400) claims to record the oldest traditions of the Syriac Christianity, and among these is the establishment of a canon: members of the church are to read only the Gospel (meaning the Diatessaron of Tatian), the Epistles of Paul (which are said to have been sent by Peter, from Rome), and the Book of Acts (which ...
The options for this John are John the son of Zebedee, traditionally viewed as the author of the Fourth Gospel, or John the Presbyter. [24] Traditional advocates follow Eusebius in insisting that the apostolic connection of Papius was with John the Evangelist, and that this John, the author of the Gospel of John, was the same as the apostle John.
In the Gospel accounts of Jesus' earthly ministry, a crowd of listeners challenges him regarding the rain of manna before he delivers the famous Bread of Life Discourse (John 6:22–59), [1] and he describes himself as the "True Bread from Heaven". [2] The aforementioned Bread of Life Discourse occurs in the Gospel of John, John 6:30–59. [3]