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Ryukyuan languages are generally SOV, dependent-marking, modifier-head, nominative-accusative languages. They are also pro-drop languages. All of these features are shared with the Japanese language. [43] In many Ryukyuan languages, the nominative and genitive are marked identically, a system also found, for example, in Austronesian languages. [43]
Okinawan (沖縄口, ウチナーグチ, Uchināguchi, [ʔut͡ɕinaːɡut͡ɕi]), or more precisely Central Okinawan, is a Northern Ryukyuan language spoken primarily in the southern half of the island of Okinawa, as well as in the surrounding islands of Kerama, Kumejima, Tonaki, Aguni and a number of smaller peripheral islands. [3]
[140] [141] From 1907, children were prohibited to speak Ryukyuan languages in school, [15] [142] and since the mid-1930s there existed dialect cards, [143] a system of punishment for the students who spoke in a non-standard language. [144] [145] Speaking a Ryukyuan language was deemed an unpatriotic act; by 1939, Ryukyuan speakers were denied ...
The Northern Ryukyuan languages, also known as the Amami–Okinawan languages, are a group of languages spoken in the Amami Islands, Kagoshima Prefecture and the Okinawa Islands, Okinawa Prefecture of southwestern Japan. It is one of two primary branches of the Ryukyuan languages, which are then part of the Japonic languages. The subdivisions ...
The Ryukyuan language split from Proto-Japonic when its speakers migrated to the Ryukyu Islands. [7] [8] [6] The Ryukyuan languages split from Proto-Japonic in the last 2,000 years, though estimates offer different potential time periods ranging from 2 BCE to 800 CE.
The Southern Ryukyuan languages (南琉球語群, Minami Ryūkyū gogun) form one of two branches of the Ryukyuan languages. They are spoken on the Sakishima Islands in Okinawa Prefecture . The three languages are Miyako (on the Miyako Islands ) and Yaeyama and Yonaguni (on the Yaeyama Islands , of the Macro-Yaeyama subgroup).
There are some innovations shared with Ryukyuan and Kyushu dialects that have not been found in other mainland Japanese dialects. For instance, Yōsuke Igarashi (2018) claims that an innovation of Kyushu-Ryukyuan is to change kami-nidan verbs (-i(2)-) to shimo-nidan verbs (-e(2)-), a grammatical change of -kara from a ablative marker to a locative marker, and some vocabulary items (usually ...
The Yonaguni language ... As a Southern Ryukyuan language, Yonaguni, similar to Miyakoan and Yaeyama, has /b/ in place with Standard Japanese /w/, ...