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Soil-transmitted helminths are essentially intestinal parasites and their eggs which are liberated along with the faeces of infected persons into the soil. Ascaris and hookworm eggs become infective as they develop into larvae in soil. Infection occurs when vegetables and fruits, contaminated with soil-infested eggs, are consumed; or when hands ...
The soil-transmitted helminths (also called geohelminths) are a group of intestinal parasites belonging to the phylum Nematoda that are transmitted primarily through contaminated soil. They are so called because they have a direct life cycle which requires no intermediate hosts or vectors , and the parasitic infection occurs through faecal ...
In 2014–15, the WHO estimated that approximately 2 billion people were infected with soil-transmitted helminthiases, [6] 249 million with schistosomiasis, [60] 56 million people with food-borne trematodiasis, [61] 120 million with lymphatic filariasis, [62] 37 million people with onchocerciasis, [63] and 1 million people with echinococcosis. [64]
Helminth eggs can reach the soil when polluted wastewater, sewage sludge or human waste are used as fertilizer. Such soil is often characterized by moist and warm conditions. Therefore, the risk of using contaminated wastewater and sludge in agricultural fields is a real problem, especially in poor countries, where this practice is prevalent.
Parasitic contamination can also occur from eating raw produce, [5] soil-eating behaviour, [6] and low availability of safe drinking water. [ 6 ] Parasites can get into the intestines by going through the mouth from uncooked or unwashed food, contaminated water or hands, or by skin contact with larva infected soil ; they can also be transferred ...
The Philippines Soil Transmitted Helminth Control Program is run by the Department of Health and implemented by the Department of Education in the Philippines. [54] It is a partnership with the WHO , University of the Philippines Manila , UNICEF , World Vision International , Feed the Children , Helen Keller International , Plan International ...