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A wildcard mask is a mask of bits that indicates which parts of an IP address are available for examination. In the Cisco IOS, [1] they are used in several places, for example:
A subnet mask is a bitmask that encodes the prefix length associated with an IPv4 address or network in quad-dotted notation: 32 bits, starting with a number of 1-bits equal to the prefix length, ending with 0-bits, and encoded in four-part dotted-decimal format: 255.255.255.0. A subnet mask encodes the same information as a prefix length but ...
This method of using the all-ones address was first proposed by R. Gurwitz and R. Hinden in 1982. [2] The later introduction of subnets and Classless Inter-Domain Routing changed this slightly, so that the all-ones value becomes the local broadcast address and the all-ones host address of each subnet is that subnet's directed broadcast address. [3]
In the above example, the subnet mask consists of 26 bits, making it 255.255.255.192, leaving 6 bits for the host identifier. This allows for 62 host combinations (2 6 −2). In general, the number of available hosts on a subnet is 2 h −2, where h is the number of bits used for the host
The number of addresses usable for addressing specific hosts in each network is always 2 N - 2, where N is the number of rest field bits, and the subtraction of 2 adjusts for the use of the all-bits-zero host value to represent the network address and the all-bits-one host value for use as a broadcast address. Thus, for a Class C address with 8 ...
224.0.0.6 The OSPF All Designated Routers (DR) address is used to send OSPF routing information to designated routers on a network segment. No 224.0.0.9 The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) version 2 group address is used to send routing information to all RIP2-aware routers on a network segment. No 224.0.0.10
IP routing is the application of routing methodologies to IP networks.This involves not only protocols and technologies but includes the policies of the worldwide organization and configuration of Internet infrastructure.
With space for about one trillion (10 12) prefixes, it is unlikely that two network prefixes in use by different organizations would be the same, provided each of them was selected randomly, as specified in the standard. When two such private IPv6 networks are connected or merged, the risk of an address conflict is therefore virtually absent.