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Micronutrients are nutrients such as vitamins and minerals required by organisms in varying quantities throughout life to orchestrate a range of physiological functions to maintain health. [1] [2] The following is a list of micronutrients used by various living organisms. For human-specific nutrients, see Mineral (nutrient).
Micronutrients are essential dietary elements required by organisms in varying quantities to regulate physiological functions of cells and organs. [1] [2] Micronutrients support the health of organisms throughout life. [3] [4] [5] In varying amounts supplied through the diet, micronutrients include such compounds as vitamins and dietary minerals.
An essential nutrient is a nutrient required for normal physiological function that cannot be synthesized in the body – either at all or in sufficient quantities – and thus must be obtained from a dietary source.
While they are essential for life, micronutrients don’t provide calories for energy. Many, including vitamins A, C, E, beta-carotene, and the mineral selenium, serve as antioxidants ...
Some "minerals" are essential for life, but most are not. [1] [2] [3] Minerals are one of the four groups of essential nutrients; the others are vitamins, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids. [4] The five major minerals in the human body are calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and magnesium. [2]
Vitamins and minerals are essential to the proper functioning and maintenance of the human body. [114] There are 20 trace elements and minerals that are essential in small quantities to body function and overall human health. [114] Iron deficiency is the most common inadequate nutrient worldwide, affecting approximately 2 billion people. [115]
Copper is essential in the aerobic respiration of all eukaryotes. In mitochondria , it is found in cytochrome c oxidase , which is the last protein in oxidative phosphorylation . Cytochrome c oxidase is the protein that binds the O 2 between a copper and an iron; the protein transfers 4 electrons to the O 2 molecule to reduce it to two ...
An essential trace element is a dietary element, a mineral that is only needed in minute quantities for the proper growth, development, and physiology of the organism. [4] The essential trace elements are those that are required to perform vital metabolic activities in organisms. [ 5 ]