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The colorectal adenoma is a benign glandular tumor of the colon and the rectum. It is a precursor lesion of the colorectal adenocarcinoma ( colon cancer ). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] They often manifest as colorectal polyps .
The incidence of the mutation is between 1 in 10,000 and 1 in 15,000 births. By age 35 years, 95% of individuals with FAP (>100 adenomas) have polyps. Without colectomy, colon cancer is virtually inevitable. The mean age of colon cancer in untreated individuals is 39 years (range 34–43 years). [13]
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis is a hereditary disease that is characterized with development of numerous colon polyps.A genetic analysis of some FAP kindreds revealed that a common feature of the disease is a deletion of the APC gene.
One study involving more than 1 million people with colon cancer from 2004 to 2015 found that 51.6% of those under 50 were diagnosed with stage three or four cancer, while 40% of people over 50 ...
In their research paper "Lessons from Hereditary Colorectal Cancer", Vogelstein, et al., suggested that colon cells lose the APC tumor suppressor gene and become a small polyp. Next, they suggested that k-Ras becomes activated and the polyp becomes a small, benign adenoma. The adenoma, lacking the "carcinoma" attached to the end of it, suggests ...
Colorectal adenocarcinoma is distinguished from a colorectal adenoma (mainly tubular and ⁄or villous adenomas) mainly by invasion through the muscularis mucosae. [10] In carcinoma in situ (Tis), cancer cells invade into the lamina propria, and may involve but not penetrating the muscularis mucosae. This can be classified as an adenoma with ...
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