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Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism whereby some materials are weakly attracted by an externally applied magnetic field, and form internal, induced magnetic fields in the direction of the applied magnetic field. In contrast with this behavior, diamagnetic materials are repelled by magnetic fields and form induced magnetic fields in the ...
Diamagnetism is the property of materials that are repelled by a magnetic field; an applied magnetic field creates an induced magnetic field in them in the opposite direction, causing a repulsive force. In contrast, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials are attracted by a magnetic field. Diamagnetism is a quantum mechanical effect that ...
Magnetic susceptibility is a dimensionless proportionality constant that indicates the degree of magnetization of a material in response to an applied magnetic field. A related term is magnetizability, the proportion between magnetic moment and magnetic flux density. [3] A closely related parameter is the permeability, which expresses the total ...
Magnetochemistry is concerned with the magnetic properties of chemical compounds. Magnetic properties arise from the spin and orbital angular momentum of the electrons contained in a compound. Compounds are diamagnetic when they contain no unpaired electrons. Molecular compounds that contain one or more unpaired electrons are paramagnetic.
The difference between the chemical shift of a given nucleus in a diamagnetic vs. a paramagnetic environment is called the hyperfine shift.In solution the isotropic hyperfine chemical shift for nickelocene is −255 ppm, which is the difference between the observed shift (ca. −260 ppm) and the shift observed for a diamagnetic analogue ferrocene (ca. 5 ppm).
Copernicium is a synthetic chemical element; it has symbol Cn and atomic number 112. Its known isotopes are extremely radioactive, and have only been created in a laboratory. The most stable known isotope, copernicium-285, has a half-life of approximately 30 seconds. Copernicium was first created in 1996 by the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy ...
The Hamiltonian for an electron in a static homogeneous magnetic field in an atom is usually composed of three terms = + (+) + where is the vacuum permeability, is the Bohr magneton, is the g-factor, is the elementary charge, is the electron mass, is the orbital angular momentum operator, the spin and is the component of the position operator orthogonal to the magnetic field.
t. e. In thermodynamics and thermal physics, the theoretical formulation of magnetic systems entails expressing the behavior of the systems using the Laws of Thermodynamics. Common magnetic systems examined through the lens of Thermodynamics are ferromagnets and paramagnets as well as the ferromagnet to paramagnet phase transition.