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HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects components of the human immune system such as CD4 + T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. It directly and indirectly destroys CD4 + T cells. [88] HIV is a member of the genus Lentivirus, [89] part of the family Retroviridae. [90] Lentiviruses share many morphological and biological characteristics.
However, many new infections in this region occur through contact with HIV-infected individuals from other regions. The adult (15–49) prevalence in this region is 0.3% with between 570,000 and 890,000 people currently infected with HIV. Due to the availability of antiretroviral therapy, AIDS deaths have stayed low since the lows of the late ...
This is a timeline of HIV/AIDS, including but not limited to cases before 1980. Pre-1980s See also: Timeline of early HIV/AIDS cases Researchers estimate that some time in the early 20th century, a form of Simian immunodeficiency virus found in chimpanzees (SIVcpz) first entered humans in Central Africa and began circulating in Léopoldville (modern-day Kinshasa) by the 1920s. This gave rise ...
[19] [20] [21] The morbidity and mortality of TB and HIV/AIDS have been closely linked, known as "TB/HIV syndemic". [ 21 ] [ 22 ] According to the World Health Organization , approximately 10 million new TB infections occur every year, and 1.5 million people die from it each year – making it the world's top infectious killer (before COVID-19 ...
HIV-1 is more virulent and more infective than HIV-2, [20] and is the cause of the majority of HIV infections globally. The lower infectivity of HIV-2, compared to HIV-1, implies that fewer of those exposed to HIV-2 will be infected per exposure. Due to its relatively poor capacity for transmission, HIV-2 is largely confined to West Africa. [21]
In 2015, STIs other than HIV resulted in 108,000 deaths worldwide. [4] Globally, in 2015, about 1.1 billion people had STIs other than HIV/AIDS. [3] About 500 million have either syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia or trichomoniasis. [1] At least an additional 530 million have genital herpes, and 290 million women have human papillomavirus. [1]
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