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Distribution of population [25] by regions (blue shades) and prefectures (red: most populous; green: less). KANTO, KEIHANSHIN and TOKAI are three largest metropolitan areas which have about 2/3 of total population of Japan. Out of 47 prefectures, 13 are red and 34 are green. The population of Japan has been decreasing since 2011.
A map of Japan's major cities, main towns and selected smaller centers. Japan has a population of 126.3 million in 2019. [20] It is the eleventh-most populous country and the second-most populous island country in the world. [12] The population is clustered in urban areas along the coast, plains, and valleys. [15]
The list is also sortable by population, area, density and foundation date. Most large cities in Japan are cities designated by government ordinance. Some regionally important cities are designated as core cities. Tokyo is not included on this list, as the City of Tokyo ceased to exist on July 1, 1943.
1945 seat of the Chūgoku governorate-general in Hiroshima City, previously and today a building used by Hiroshima University. In the later stages of World War II, in preparation for an Allied invation of the home islands, regions served as administrative units between the Home Ministry and the governments of prefectures from 1943.
Population in the following tables is given according to the A-type de facto population concept for enumerating the people, based on koseki registration systems. Source: Imperial Japan Static Population Statistics (as of December 31 for the years of 1918, 1913, 1908 and 1903), Imperial Japan Population Statistics (as of December 31, 1898),
Hamamatsu also became a designated city in 2007. As its outlying areas overlap with Shizuoka, the two cities formed a single major metropolitan area in the 2010 census. Utsunomiya metropolitan area Utsunomiya qualified as a central city for the 2010 census, resulting from mergers with neighboring municipalities and subsequent population growth.
English: Distribution of Population by Regions (Blue shades) and Prefectures (Red: Most populous, Green: Less) KANTO, KEIHANSHIN and TOKAI, which hold three largest metropolitan areas, and have about 2/3 of total population of Japan. Out of 47 prefectures, 13 are red (over 2.5 millions) and 34 are green.
Japan has a population of over 123 million as of 2025, making it the eleventh-most populous country. The capital of Japan and its largest city is Tokyo; the Greater Tokyo Area is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with more than 37 million inhabitants as of 2024.