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The WHO defines antimicrobial resistance as a microorganism's resistance to an antimicrobial drug that was once able to treat an infection by that microorganism. [2] A person cannot become resistant to antibiotics. Resistance is a property of the microbe, not a person or other organism infected by a microbe. [33]
Multiple drug resistance. Multiple drug resistance (MDR), multidrug resistance or multiresistance is antimicrobial resistance shown by a species of microorganism to at least one antimicrobial drug in three or more antimicrobial categories. [1] Antimicrobial categories are classifications of antimicrobial agents based on their mode of action and ...
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to the carbapenem class of antibiotics, considered the drugs of last resort for such infections. They are resistant because they produce an enzyme called a carbapenemase that disables the drug molecule.
Melissa Rudy. September 17, 2024 at 3:08 PM. Superbugs due to antibiotic resistance could kill 39 million people by 2050, large study finds. Resistance to antibiotics has led to one million ...
Resistome. The resistome has been used to describe to two similar yet separate concepts: All the antibiotic resistance genes in communities of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. [1] All of the resistance genes in an organism, how they are inherited, [2] and how their transcription levels vary to defend against pathogens like viruses ...
Drug resistance is the reduction in effectiveness of a medication such as an antimicrobial or an antineoplastic in treating a disease or condition. [1] The term is used in the context of resistance that pathogens or cancers have "acquired", that is, resistance has evolved.
The Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) is a biological database that collects and organizes reference information on antimicrobial resistance genes, proteins and phenotypes. [1][2] The database covers all types of drug classes and resistance mechanisms and structures its data based on an ontology.
Plasmid-mediated resistance is the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes which are carried on plasmids. [1] Plasmids possess mechanisms that ensure their independent replication as well as those that regulate their replication number and guarantee stable inheritance during cell division. By the conjugation process, they can stimulate lateral ...