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Specialty. Pulmonology. Asthma is a common pulmonary condition defined by chronic inflammation of respiratory tubes, tightening of respiratory smooth muscle, and episodes of bronchoconstriction. [1] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that 1 in 11 children and 1 in 12 adults have asthma in the United States of America. [1]
Children predominantly have allergic, cough-variant, and/or exercise-induced asthma, with respiratory infections as the most common trigger for causing exacerbations in children, Mathur says.
A similar class of drugs, 5-LOX inhibitors, may be used as an alternative in the chronic treatment of mild to moderate asthma among older children and adults. [16] [213] As of 2013 there is one medication in this family known as zileuton. [16]
The prevalence of childhood asthma in the United States has increased since 1980, especially in younger children. Rates of asthma have increased significantly between the 1960s and 2008 [9] [10] with it being recognized as a major public health problem since the 1970s. [5] Some 9% of US children had asthma in 2001, compared with just 3.6% in 1980.
Moderate to high intensity exercise. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) occurs when the airways narrow as a result of exercise. This condition has been referred to as exercise-induced asthma (EIA); however, this term is no longer preferred. [1] While exercise does not cause asthma, it is frequently an asthma trigger.
[42] [119] [77] In children with mild or moderate symptoms, amoxicillin taken by mouth is the first line. [108] [120] [121] The use of fluoroquinolones in uncomplicated cases is discouraged due to concerns about side-effects and generating resistance in light of there being no greater benefit. [42] [122]
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