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The phonology of Standard German is the standard pronunciation or accent of the German language. It deals with current phonology and phonetics as well as with historical developments thereof as well as the geographical variants and the influence of German dialects .
The charts below show the way International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Standard German language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
This section lists German letters and letter combinations, and how to pronounce them transliterated into the International Phonetic Alphabet. This is the pronunciation of Standard German . Note that the pronunciation of standard German varies slightly from region to region.
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Swabian, Low Alemannic, High Alemannic and Highest Alemannic German pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters .
Excluding loanwords from Low German and foreign borrowings (e.g. Park from French parc, a doublet of German Pferch, both from Latin parricus), Modern Standard German has retained unshifted /p t k/ only after a fricative (e.g. Stein, English stone) or in the combination /tr/ (e.g. treu, English true).
Old High German (OHG; German: Althochdeutsch (Ahdt., Ahd.)) is the earliest stage of the German language, conventionally identified as the period from around 500/750 to 1050. Rather than representing a single supra-regional form of German, Old High German encompasses the numerous West Germanic dialects that had undergone the set of consonantal ...
In the thirteenth century, the phonetic difference between z and s was lost at the beginning and end of words in all dialects except for Gottscheerish. [27] Word-internally, Old and Middle High German s came to be pronounced [z] (the voiced alveolar sibilant), while Old and Middle High German z continued to be pronounced [s].
Bühnendeutsch (German: [ˈbyːnənˌdɔʏtʃ], "stage German") or Bühnenaussprache (IPA: [ˈbyːnənˌʔaʊsʃpʁaːxə] ⓘ, "stage pronunciation") is a unified set of pronunciation rules for the German literary language used in the theatre of the German Sprachraum. Established in the 19th century, [1] it came to be considered pure High German.