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An XSS worm, sometimes referred to as a cross site scripting virus, [1] is a malicious (or sometimes non-malicious) payload, usually written in JavaScript, that breaches browser security to propagate among visitors of a website in the attempt to progressively infect other visitors. [2]
An example of a DOM-based XSS vulnerability is the bug found in 2011 in a number of jQuery plugins. [16] Prevention strategies for DOM-based XSS attacks include very similar measures to traditional XSS prevention strategies but implemented in JavaScript code and contained in web pages (i.e. input validation and escaping). [17]
Additionally, while typically described as a static type of attack, CSRF can also be dynamically constructed as part of a payload for a cross-site scripting attack, as demonstrated by the Samy worm, or constructed on the fly from session information leaked via offsite content and sent to a target as a malicious URL.
Samy (also known as JS.Spacehero) is a cross-site scripting worm that was designed to propagate across the social networking site MySpace by Samy Kamkar.Within just 20 hours [1] of its October 4, 2005 release, over one million users had run the payload [2] making Samy the fastest-spreading virus of all time.
This injection will allow the attacker to overwrite the globalUrlConfig variable with a reference to the anchor element, which in turn overwrites the url variable and subsequently the scriptElem.src parameter, (due to the fact that url.href now refers to the href parameter of the anchor element) leading to arbitrary code execution.
Cross site leak attacks require that the attacker identify at least one state-dependent URL in the victim app for use in the attack app. Depending on the victim app's state, this URL must provide at least two responses. A URL can be crafted, for example, by linking to content that is only accessible to the user if they are logged into the ...
Double URI-encoding, also referred to as double percent-encoding, is a special type of double encoding in which data is URI-encoded twice in a row. [6] In other words, double-URI-encoded form of data X is URI-encode(URI-encode(X)). [7]
It can also be used to get around cross-site scripting (XSS) restrictions, embedding the attack payload fully inside the address bar, and hosted via URL shortening services rather than needing a full website that is controlled by a third party. [8] As a result, some browsers now block webpages from navigating to data URIs. [9]