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A variety of wine vessels around an altar, Western Zhou – Metropolitan Museum of Art. [1] From c. 1650 BC, elaborately decorated bronze vessels were deposited as grave goods in the tombs of royalty and nobility during the Chinese Bronze Age. Documented excavations have found over 200 pieces in a single royal tomb.
A zun with taotie dating to the Shang dynasty A rare Xi zun in the shape of an ox Western Zhou goose-shaped bronze zun. National Museum of China. The zun or yi, used until the Northern Song (960–1126) is a type of Chinese ritual bronze or ceramic wine vessel with a round or square vase-like form, sometimes in the shape of an animal, [1] first appearing in the Shang dynasty.
The most commonly believed bronze vessel casting process of ancient Chinese vessels is the piece mold process. In this process, a model of the finished vessel, complete with décor, is made of clay and left to harden.
Chinese bronze inscriptions, also referred to as bronze script or bronzeware script, comprise Chinese writing made in several styles on ritual bronzes mainly during the Late Shang dynasty (c. 1250 – c. 1046 BC) and Western Zhou dynasty (c. 1046 – 771 BC). Types of bronzes include zhong bells and ding tripodal cauldrons. Early inscriptions ...
A jue (Chinese: 爵; Wade–Giles: chüeh) is a type of ancient Chinese ritual bronze vessel used to serve warm wine during ancestor-worship ceremonies. [1] It takes the form of an ovoid body supported by three splayed triangular legs, with a long curved spout (liu 流) on one side and a counterbalancing flange (wei 尾) on the other.
The He zun (Chinese: 何尊) is an ancient Chinese ritual bronze vessel of the zun shape. [2] It dates from the era of Western Zhou (1046–771 BC), [3] specifically the early years of the dynasty, [4] and is famous as the oldest artifact with the written characters meaning "Middle Kingdom" or "Central State" — 中國: "China" — in a bronze inscription on the container. [5]
A gu is a type of ancient Chinese ritual bronze vessel from the Shang and Zhou dynasties (1600–256 BC). It was used to drink wine or to offer ritual libations. A gu is tall and slender, with a slightly flared base that tapers to a slim center section before widening again into a trumpet-like mouth, wider than the base.
Most Chinese bronze vessels fall into two categories, food vessels or wine vessels. [13] Hu vessels were used for holding wine, but not as drinking vessels. [ 13 ] By the Zhou period, hu were one of the main vessels in use. [ 14 ]