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  2. Cytochrome b - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome_b

    Cytochrome b/b6 is an integral membrane protein of approximately 400 amino acid residues that probably has 8 transmembrane segments. In plants and cyanobacteria, cytochrome b6 consists of two protein subunits encoded by the petB and petD genes. Cytochrome b/b6 non-covalently binds two heme groups, known as b562 and b566.

  3. MT-CYB - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MT-CYB

    Location of the MT-CYB gene in the human mitochondrial genome (coral box).. Cytochrome b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MT-CYB gene. [5] Its gene product is a subunit of the respiratory chain protein ubiquinol–cytochrome c reductase (UQCR, complex III or cytochrome bc 1 complex), which consists of the products of one mitochondrially encoded gene, MT-CYB (mitochondrial ...

  4. Cytochrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome

    Complex IV contains a cytochrome a/a3-domain that transfers electrons and catalyzes the reaction of oxygen to water. Photosystem II, the first protein complex in the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis, contains a cytochrome b subunit. Cyclooxygenase 2, an enzyme involved in inflammation, is a cytochrome b protein.

  5. DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_replication

    Eukaryotes initiate DNA replication at multiple points in the chromosome, so replication forks meet and terminate at many points in the chromosome. Because eukaryotes have linear chromosomes, DNA replication is unable to reach the very end of the chromosomes. Due to this problem, DNA is lost in each replication cycle from the end of the chromosome.

  6. Mitochondrial DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA

    Mitochondrial DNA is a small portion of the DNA contained in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA is in the cell nucleus, and, in plants and algae, the DNA also is found in plastids, such as chloroplasts. [3] Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. [4]

  7. Housekeeping gene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housekeeping_gene

    In Drosophila, where promoter specific CpG Islands are absent, housekeeping gene promoters contain DNA elements like DRE, E-box or DPE. [8] Transcription start sites of housekeeping genes can span over a region of around 100 bp whereas transcription start sites of developmentally regulated genes are usually focused in a narrow region.

  8. Origin of replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_of_replication

    More than five decades ago, Jacob, Brenner, and Cuzin proposed the replicon hypothesis to explain the regulation of chromosomal DNA synthesis in E. coli. [18] The model postulates that a diffusible, trans-acting factor, a so-called initiator, interacts with a cis-acting DNA element, the replicator, to promote replication onset at a nearby origin.

  9. Eukaryotic DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_DNA_replication

    The major enzymatic functions carried out at the replication fork are well conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, but the replication machinery in eukaryotic DNA replication is a much larger complex, coordinating many proteins at the site of replication, forming the replisome.