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Fernand Paul Achille Braudel (French: [fɛʁnɑ̃ bʁodɛl]; 24 August 1902 – 27 November 1985) was a French historian.His scholarship focused on three main projects: The Mediterranean (1923–49, then 1949–66), Civilization and Capitalism (1955–79), and the unfinished Identity of France (1970–85).
The longue durée (French pronunciation: [lɔ̃ɡ dyʁe]; English: the long term) is the French Annales School approach to the study of history. [1] It gives priority to long-term historical structures over what François Simiand called histoire événementielle ("evental history", the short-term time-scale that is the domain of the chronicler and the journalist).
[10] The 'event' involves changes in structuralism, structure, and in particular "the structurality of structure", which has hitherto been limited, writes Derrida, through the process of being assigned a stabilizing "center". The "center" is that element of a structure which appears given or fixed, thereby anchoring the rest of the structure ...
Structuralism is an intellectual current and methodological approach, primarily in the social sciences, that interprets elements of human culture by way of their ...
John E. Joseph identifies several defining features of structuralism that emerged in the decade and a half following World War I: Systematic Phenomena and Synchronic Dimension: Structural linguistics focuses on studying language as a system (langue) rather than individual utterances (parole), emphasizing the synchronic dimension.
Structuralism is a movement in architecture and urban planning that evolved around the middle of the 20th century. It was a reaction to Rationalism 's ( CIAM-Functionalism ) [ 1 ] perceived lifeless expression of urban planning that ignored the identity of the inhabitants and urban forms.
structuralism; some forms of functionalism; Orthodox Marxism; All of these schools in this context can be seen as forms of holism – the notion that "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts". On the other hand, other theorists stress the capacity of individual "agents" to construct and reconstruct their worlds.
Semiotic literary criticism, also called literary semiotics, is the approach to literary criticism informed by the theory of signs or semiotics.Semiotics, tied closely to the structuralism pioneered by Ferdinand de Saussure, was extremely influential in the development of literary theory out of the formalist approaches of the early twentieth century.