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As DHEA-S can be converted back into DHEA, it serves as a circulating reservoir for DHEA, thereby extending the duration of DHEA. [57] [20] Metabolites of DHEA include DHEA-S, 7α-hydroxy-DHEA, 7β-hydroxy-DHEA, 7-keto-DHEA, 7α-hydroxyepiandrosterone, and 7β-hydroxyepiandrosterone, as well as androstenediol and androstenedione. [8]
Androstenedione, or 4-androstenedione (abbreviated as A4 or Δ 4-dione), also known as androst-4-ene-3,17-dione, is an endogenous weak androgen steroid hormone and intermediate in the biosynthesis of estrone and of testosterone from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). It is closely related to androstenediol (androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol).
Androstanedione, also known as 5α-androstanedione or as 5α-androstane-3,17-dione, is a naturally occurring androstane (5α-androstane) steroid and an endogenous metabolite of androgens like testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and androstenedione. [1] It is the C5 epimer of etiocholanedione (5β ...
[1] [2] It is the 3α-epimer of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA; androst-5-en-3β-ol-17-one) and the 5(6)-dehydrogenated and non-5α-reduced analogue of androsterone (5α-androstan-3α-ol-17-one). [2] DHA is produced in and secreted from the adrenal glands , along with other weak androgens like DHEA, androstenediol , and androstenedione .
Cells in the zona reticularis produce precursor androgens including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione from cholesterol. [2] DHEA is further converted to DHEA-sulfate via a sulfotransferase, SULT2A1. [3] These precursors are not further converted in the adrenal cortex if the cells lack 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
Androstenedione (4-androstenedione, A4) 4-Androstenedione – Atamestane: 1-Methyl-δ 1-4-androstenedione – Boldione (1,4-androstadienedione) δ 1-4-Androstenedione – Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 5-DHEA; prasterone, androstenolone) 5-Dehydroepiandrosterone Exemestane: 6-Methylidene-δ 1-4-androstenedione Formestane: 4-Hydroxy-4 ...
Androstenedione (A4; 4-androstenedione) Androsterone; Bolandione (19-nor-4-androstenedione)* Dehydroandrosterone (DHA; 5-dehydroandrosterone) Epiandrosterone * Only present endogenously in trace/very small amounts or present in other species.
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S), and androstenedione may all be considered proandrogens of testosterone. [ 1 ] In the last two decades, prohormones have also been used by bodybuilders, athletes, and nonmedical users of AAS and other hormones to refer to substances that are expected to convert to active hormones in the body.