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People who are known carriers of the disease or at risk of having a child with sickle cell anemia may undergo genetic counseling. Genetic counselors work with families to discuss the benefits, limitations, and logistics of genetic testing options as well as the potential impact of testing and test results on the individual. [ 87 ]
Nigeria has one official language which is English, as a result of the British colonial rule over the nation. Nevertheless, it is not spoken as a first language in the entire country because other languages have been around for over a thousand years making them the major languages in terms of numbers of native speakers.
Anemia is the most common blood disorder, affecting about a fifth to a third of the global population. [1] [11] [12] [13] Iron-deficiency anemia is the most common cause of anemia worldwide, and affects nearly one billion people. [14] In 2013, anemia due to iron deficiency resulted in about 183,000 deaths – down from 213,000 deaths in 1990. [15]
For more information see the articles hematology, blood diseases, and blood disorders. Anemias / ə ˈ n iː m i ə z / (also spelled anaemia or anæmia; from Ancient Greek ἀναιμία anaimia, meaning "lack of blood") is a decrease in normal number of red blood cells (RBCs) or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood.
Iron-deficiency anemia affected about 1.48 billion people in 2015. [6] A lack of dietary iron is estimated to cause approximately half of all anemia cases globally. [12] Women and young children are most commonly affected. [3] In 2015, anemia due to iron deficiency resulted in about 54,000 deaths – down from 213,000 deaths in 1990. [7] [13]
Nigeria has some of the worst air quality in the world (ranked 4th globally), with four major cities—Onitsha, Aba, Kaduna, and Umuahia—ranking among the most polluted cities due to particulate matter (PM10). A recent WHO report found Nigeria's annual mean PM2.5 concentration at 72 μg/m 3, well above the recommended limit of 10 μg/m 3. [41]
Globally, anemia affects 1.6 billion people, and represents a public health emergency in mothers and children under five. [116] The World Health Organization estimates that there exists 469 million women of reproductive age and approximately 600 million preschool and school-age children worldwide who are anemic. [ 117 ]
In 2020, 900 million women and children had anemia, which is often caused by iron deficiency. [37] More than 3.1 billion people in the world – 42% – were unable to afford a healthy diet in 2021. More than 3.1 billion people in the world – 42% – were unable to afford a healthy diet in 2021.