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2. Adult stem cell - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_stem_cell

   The main functions of adult stem cells are to replace cells that are at risk of possibly dying as a result of disease or injury and to maintain a state of homeostasis within the cell. [2] There are three main methods to determine if the adult stem cell is capable of becoming a specialized cell. [2]

3. Stem cell - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell

   Pluripotent adult stem cells are rare and generally small in number, but they can be found in umbilical cord blood and other tissues. [48] Bone marrow is a rich source of adult stem cells, [49] which have been used in treating several conditions including liver cirrhosis, [50] chronic limb ischemia [51] and endstage heart failure. [52]

4. Mesenchymal stem cell - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesenchymal_stem_cell

   Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts (bone cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), myocytes (muscle cells) and adipocytes (fat cells which give rise to marrow adipose tissue).

5. Stem-cell therapy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem-cell_therapy

   Research using both hematopoietic adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells has provided insight into the possible mechanisms and methods of treatment for many of these ailments. [56] Fully mature human red blood cells may be generated ex vivo by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are precursors of red blood cells.

6. Hematopoietic stem cell - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematopoietic_stem_cell

   Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the stem cells [1] that give rise to other blood cells.This process is called haematopoiesis. [2] In vertebrates, the first definitive HSCs arise from the ventral endothelial wall of the embryonic aorta within the (midgestational) aorta-gonad-mesonephros region, through a process known as endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition.

7. Induced pluripotent stem cell - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induced_pluripotent_stem_cell

   Induced pluripotent stem cells were first generated by Shinya Yamanaka and Kazutoshi Takahashi at Kyoto University, Japan, in 2006. [1] They hypothesized that genes important to embryonic stem cell (ESC) function might be able to induce an embryonic state in adult cells.