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The Nazis had no plan for concentration camps prior to their seizure of power. [11] The concentration camp system arose in the following months due to the desire to suppress tens of thousands of Nazi opponents in Germany. The Reichstag fire in February 1933 was the pretext for mass arrests.
Auschwitz concentration camp, also known as Oświęcim concentration camp, [3] [a] was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) [4] during World War II and the Holocaust.
Despite many deaths, as many as 200,000 Jews survived the war inside the concentration camps. [321] Although most Holocaust victims were never imprisoned in a concentration camp, the image of these camps is a popular symbol of the Holocaust. [322] Including the Soviet prisoners of war, 13 million people were brought to Germany for forced labor ...
Concentration camp prisoners worked under harsher conditions than Ostarbeiters and other foreign forced laborers. [citation needed] At its height at the end of the war, concentration camp labor made up 3 percent of the labor force in Germany, remaining a quantitatively marginal element of the economy of Nazi Germany. [45]
Rudolf Höss visits Oświęcim to inspect its suitability as a concentration camp for Polish political prisoners and as a colony for German settlers in Lower Silesia. Himmler approves construction of Auschwitz concentration camp. [42] 9 April 1940 The German invasion of Denmark and the Norwegian Campaign begin. 30 April 1940
The inscription on the entrance gate to Buchenwald concentration camp, which reads: "Jedem das Seine" ("To each his own") The Schutzstaffel (SS) established Buchenwald concentration camp at the beginning of July 1937. [2] The camp was to be named Ettersberg, after the hill in Thuringia upon whose north slope the camp was established.
Sir Keir Starmer and his wife Victoria left a wreath and a poignant written message as they visited Auschwitz, a place the prime minister described as “utterly harrowing”, on Friday (17 January).
Six camps meet this definition, though extermination of people happened at every sort of concentration camp or transit camp; the use of the term extermination camp with its exclusive purpose is carried over from Nazi terminology. The six camps were Chełmno, Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka, Majdanek and Auschwitz (also called Auschwitz-Birkenau ...