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Helicoprion is a genus of extinct shark-like [1] eugeneodont fish. Almost all fossil specimens are of spirally arranged clusters of the individuals' teeth, called "tooth whorls", which in life were embedded in the lower jaw. As with most extinct cartilaginous fish, the skeleton is mostly unknown.
Helicoprionidae (sometimes referred to as Agassizodontidae) [2] is an extinct family of holocephalans within the order Eugeneodontida.Members of the Helicoprionidae possessed a "whorl" of tooth crowns connected by a single root along the midline of the lower jaw.
Ornithoprion is a genus of extinct cartilaginous fish in the family Caseodontidae. The only species, O. hertwigi, lived during the Moscovian stage of the Pennsylvanian, between 315.2 to 307 million years ago, and is known from black shale deposits in what is now the Midwestern United States.
Helicoprion postcrania is not fully known, but other eugeneodonts are known to have five or six shark-like gill slits, not a fleshy chimaera-like operculum. That may have simply been an over-correction based on the confirmation that eugeneodonts were holocephalans.
The bodies of the eugeneodontids were entirely coated in shark-like dermal denticles, to enough of an extent that it obscures the anatomy of the underlying skeleton. [6] These denticles consisted of two morphologies; single, leaf-shaped scales called lepidomoria, and compound scales with multiple crowns termed polydontode scales.
Life restoration of the Permian Chimaera relative Helicoprion †Helicoprion †Heliomera †Helminthochiton †Hintzeia †Holmiella †Homagnostus †Hunnebergia – tentative report †Hyolithellus †Hyolithes †Hypodicranotus †Iapetognathus †Icriodus †Illaenus †Ingria †Innitagnostus †Irvingella †Isograptus
Modern mounted skeleton of Canis lupus, the grey wolf, to scale with a fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene wolf Canis dirus, or dire wolf †Canis dirus †Canis latrans †Canis lupus †Cantius †Cantius abditus – type locality for species †Cantius frugivorus †Cantius mckennai †Cantius ralstoni †Cantius torresi
Livyatan is an extinct genus of macroraptorial sperm whale containing one known species: L. melvillei.The genus name was inspired by the biblical sea monster Leviathan, and the species name by Herman Melville, the author of the famous novel Moby-Dick about a white bull sperm whale.